Being familiar with Hydraulics and Pneumatics, as the two main branches of energy transmission systems in industry, is very important for any mechanical engineer, industrial operator, or repair technician. These two systems are widely used in industrial, mining, agricultural, and even medical machinery. In hydraulics and pneumatics, hydraulics is a liquid and pneumatics is a gas. The main difference between them is that hydraulic systems use a liquid (oil) to transmit power, and pneumatic systems use air to transmit power.
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What is Hydraulics?
A power transmission system using pressurized fluid (usually oil). Used for heavy-duty work requiring high power. Example: Hydraulic jacks in road construction machinery.
Main components of the hydraulic system:
Hydraulic pump: Creates oil flow
Oil tank: Stores fluid
Pressure and direction control valves: Controls oil direction and pressure
Hydraulic cylinder: Converts oil pressure into linear mechanical force
Hydraulic motor: Generates rotational motion through oil pressure
Filter: Purifies oil from particles and contaminants
Advantages of the hydraulic system:
High power and force (suitable for heavy-duty work)
Precise control of motion and pressure
Suitable for harsh conditions and industrial environments
Disadvantages of the hydraulic system:
Oil leakage can cause pollution
Requires more and more expensive maintenance
Risk of fire if oil comes into contact with heat
What is pneumatics?
A power transmission system using compressed air. It has higher operating speed and easier maintenance, but offers less power than hydraulics. Example: controlling the opening and closing of doors or light arms.
Main components of the pneumatic system:
Air compressor: Compressed air production
Air tank: Air storage
Pressure regulator: Control of the output air pressure
Path control valves: Direct air to the actuators
Pneumatic cylinder: Convert compressed air into linear or rotary motion
Advantages of the pneumatic system:
Lightweight, clean and without the risk of oil leakage
High operating speed
Lower maintenance cost than hydraulics
Suitable for flammable environments
Disadvantages of the pneumatic system:
Less power than hydraulics
Limited accuracy and control
Requires permanent compressor and precision air filter
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Comparison of Hydraulics and Pneumatics
| Features | Hydraulic | Pneumatic |
| Working fluid | Liquid (oil) | Gas (air) |
| Power and force | High | Less |
| Operating speed | Normal | High |
| Control accuracy | High | Medium |
| Environmental safety | Less | Higher (compressed air does not pollute) |
| Maintenance cost | More | Less |
| Main application | Heavy machinery, excavator | Light systems, doors, production line |
Kavir Machine Espadana Company
In addition to new machinery and parts, Kavir Machine Espadana Company also offers used road construction and mining machinery with warranty and after-sales service, which are as follows:
Everdigm hydraulic hammer, Loader, Excavator, Dump truck, Lift truck, Backhoe, Drill Wagon, Grader, Bulldozer and…, contact our experts at Contact for advice and prices.
Kavir Machine Espadana Company is registered in Isfahan Province with the purpose of importing road construction and mining machinery, and is also the only exclusive representative of Hyundai Everdigm Hydraulic Hammer in the entire country. The company’s management, relying on its decades of experience in the field of mining contracting and road construction and civil engineering projects, has expanded its activities in the field of importing and selling road construction and mining machinery, parts and related equipment. Therefore, realizing the lack of quality machinery in the country and despite problems such as sanctions and customs issues, we have started importing machinery directly from reputable global factories. In this regard, we can mention the signing of a cooperation agreement with Sumitomo Japan in 2003, which resulted in the import of the first series of Komatsu zero-ton machines to Iran. We hope that by relying on God Almighty and with the aim of achieving the satisfaction of our dear customers, we will be able to take our firm steps further for the prosperity of our dear Iran.
Kavir Machine Espadana Company Communication Roads
Isfahan, 3rd kilometer of Zob Ahan Road, right side crossing