All types of loaders are one of the most used and important construction machines, which are classified in the earthmoving group. The word loader in English means carrier. It was in the early decades of the 20th century that the idea of integrating a cup in the front of the tractor, which today we also call a bucket or spring, was first proposed, and the initial example of a wheeled loader was used in agriculture.
Currently, all kinds of loader models are made in size, power and by famous brands in the world, which determine the use and price of the loader. Among the applications of loaders, we can mention concrete and construction materials, truck loading, creating an embankment and filling around the pipes placed in the canal, underground digging in the building and filling pits and ditches.
In addition, by adding loader spare parts, it is used for snow removal, channel digging, pipe cutting, pipe placement and other construction applications.
Types of loaders are classified based on different features, of which wheel shape is one of the most important.
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Loader types based on wheel model
Loaders are rubber wheel, chain wheel, iron wheel and a combination of all kinds of construction equipment based on the wheel model.
Rubber wheel loader (wheel loader)
Due to the presence of large rubber wheels in this type of construction machinery, they have higher speed and power of movement and are produced in two forms, normal and back breaking. In the back-breaking model, a chassis connects the rear part of the car to the front through a joint. This issue increases its maneuverability and turning radius. Unlike the normal loader, the steering system is done using wheel and steering wheel movement, the back-breaking rubber wheel loader uses hydraulic jacks, which makes it easy to use all kinds of loaders.
Advantages:
- Ease of driving, increased speed and mobility are the most important advantages of a rubber wheel loader.
- Due to the shape of the wheel, this type of loader can be used in hard terrain and can easily move in it.
- The lower weight of this loader makes it a suitable option for situations with weight restrictions. An example of the use of loaders with rubber wheels is to use them on the roof of a building.
- Unlike loaders with chain wheels, moving construction equipment with rubber wheels does not require a carrier such as a trailer or floor.
- Due to the reasonable price of the loader, maintenance costs and the supply of loader parts, each cubic meter of excavation with rubber wheel models will cost less than other types of loaders.
Disadvantages:
- Working in muddy fields is difficult for these construction machines, and in this situation, it is necessary to reduce the air in its tires.
- It is not possible to cross stony obstacles with a height greater than half the wheel diameter for a rubber wheel loader, and it is better to use a chain wheel loader instead.
- There is a possibility of damage to the wheels due to collision with obstacles and sharp stones in all types of loaders with rubber wheels. For this reason, in these cases, you should definitely use protective chains for them.
- Usually, the traction power of a rubber wheel loader is less than a chain wheel loader of the same weight, which reduces the useful power of the engine.
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Tracked/crawler loader
The important feature of the chain wheel loader compared to its rubber wheel type is its high traction power and applying less pressure to the ground, which makes this device usable in situations where less friction is needed.
Advantages:
- It works easily in rocky areas and all places that are difficult to access. For this reason, all types of chain wheel loaders are also called sweeper loaders.
- The high ratio of wheel surface to weight reduces the pressure applied by the loader. Therefore, one of the applications of chain wheel loaders is to use them on mud and slippery surfaces.
- There is no wastage of power and high efficiency of the engine in this type of construction machinery, which is due to the optimal and appropriate power distribution system.
- Unlike the rubber wheel loader, which tolerates a maximum lateral slope of 15% and climbs from surfaces with a maximum slope of 30%, the chain wheel loader can move on a lateral slope of 35% and climb from a slope of 60%. also go up.
Disadvantages:
- The movement speed of the chain loader is lower than that of the rubber wheel, and it will take more time to carry the load for longer distances.
- The more difficult guidance and lower accuracy of this type of construction equipment challenges the use of all kinds of chain wheel loaders.
- Hezi chain wheelNo, it has higher maintenance than the cost of spare parts for wheel loaders. That too in uneven situations that increase the possibility of wear, damage and tearing of the chain.
- Due to the low movement speed and damage to the asphalt, it is not possible to transport all types of loaders with a chain wheel alone, and it must be done with the use of an insole or a back breaker.
- The amount of power and fuel consumption during the rotation and operation of these construction machines is higher than the rubber wheel type.
Iron wheel loader
If an iron wheel is used instead of a rubber wheel in the construction of a loader, we will have an iron wheel loader. The use of loaders with this wheel is limited and less than with chains and rubber wheels.
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Combined loader
A combined loader is produced by combining two rubber wheels with two chain wheels. The use of various types of combined loaders is less and less popular.
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Backhoe Loader
One of the types of loader that is made from the combination of loader in front and excavator in the back is called backhoe loader, which is a versatile construction equipment. The working radius of the arms and the angle it makes with the ground determine the power of the backhoe loader. This combination loader is a suitable option for light operations. All the features in the loader and excavator are also mentioned for the backhoe loader.
Small volume operations, light excavations and truck filling, digging small and medium channels for piping, non-heavy piling, stripping and removing obstacles from the use of loaders with excavators is There are different types of backhoe loaders, among which we can mention sliding, rotating and fixed types.
What was said was a general classification of loader types. Currently, according to the use of different types of loaders and other features such as size, engine type, unloading type, manufacturer’s brand, etc., different models of loaders are produced.
One of the parts of the loader is the cup, whose model and capacity are one of the main characteristics in determining the use of all types of loaders. There are standard, multi-purpose, side dump, log grab and stone grab models, and these loader spare parts will be different according to the project and type of loader.
Currently, various brands of loaders and other construction equipment are operating all over the world. In our country, Photon loaders, Komatsu loaders, Volvo loaders, Hyundai loaders, and Caterpillar loaders are among the most widely used loaders, and their usage and production prices are also different.
Volvo loader
One of the types of loaders used in our country is the Volvo loader, the L120 model has been one of the most popular types of loaders since 1991. Iran is one of the three countries assembling L120 model loader parts from Volvo brand.
Caterpillar loader
The 988F model, which has been produced since 1998, is another famous type of loader in the country, which is mostly used in mines.
Komatsu loader
WA600-3 and WA800 loaders are among the best loaders available in the Iranian market, the first Komatsu loader model is mostly used in mines and the second model is used in construction activities.
In addition, Foton loader, which is a type of Chinese loader, and Hyundai loader, which is a Korean brand, have been able to open a good position among the types of loaders in the country.
One of the most important points in choosing and providing loader spare parts and other construction equipment is to pay attention to its quality and originality. Backed by years of experience in the direct import of construction machinery from the top global brands, the Spadan machine desert collection is ready to advise and serve you.
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